The ___________ vein continues as the external iliac vein.

The ___________ vein continues as the external iliac vein. Answer: femor...

A ductless gland that secretes directly into the bloodstream is considered to be a(n) ________ gland.

A ductless gland that secretes directly into the bloodstream is considered to be a(n) ________ gland. Answer: endocri...

A gland that delivers its secretion through a duct is termed a(n) ________ gland.

A gland that delivers its secretion through a duct is termed a(n) ________ gland. Answer: exocri...

The superior and middle region of the abdomen is called the ________ region.

The superior and middle region of the abdomen is called the ________ region. Answer: epigastr...

A disease that may be transmitted either directly or indirectly between individuals by an infectious agent is deemed to be ______.

A disease that may be transmitted either directly or indirectly between individuals by an infectious agent is deemed to be ______. Answer: c...

Bleeding from the nose is called ___________.

Bleeding from the nose is called ___________. Answer: epistax...

Subjective indications of the presence of disease are called _____.

Subjective indications of the presence of disease are called _____. Answer: sympto...

Blood in sputum is termed _________.

Blood in sputum is termed _________. Answer: hemoptys...

Generalized edema in subcutaneous tissue is called ______.

Generalized edema in subcutaneous tissue is called ______. Answer: anasar...

Chemicals that will reduce the molecular cohesion of a liquid and thereby enable it to flow through smaller apertures are called ___________.

Chemicals that will reduce the molecular cohesion of a liquid and thereby enable it to flow through smaller apertures are called ___________. Ans...

The passage of pure solvent from a solution of lesser solute concentration to one of greater solute concentration when the two solutions are separated by a semi-permeable membrane which selectively prevents the passage of solute molecules but it is permeable to the solvent is called _____.

The passage of pure solvent from a solution of lesser solute concentration to one of greater solute concentration when the two solutions are separated...

A substance dissolved in a solvent to form a solution is called the _________.

A substance dissolved in a solvent to form a solution is called the _________. Answer: solu...

A chemical reaction in which a substance is broken down or dissociated by water is called ______.

A chemical reaction in which a substance is broken down or dissociated by water is called ______. Answer: hydrolys...

A physical change of state during which a substance changes directly from a solid to a gas is called _________.

A physical change of state during which a substance changes directly from a solid to a gas is called _________. Answer: sublimati...

Rod-shaped bacteria are termed _____.

Rod-shaped bacteria are termed _____. Answer: bacil...

The state or condition in which the body or a part of it is invaded by a pathogenic agent that, under favorable conditions, multiplies and produces injurious effects describes ______.

The state or condition in which the body or a part of it is invaded by a pathogenic agent that, under favorable conditions, multiplies and produces...

Bacteria that prefer moderate temperatures and develop best at temperatures between 25 degrees and 40 degrees C are called _____.

Bacteria that prefer moderate temperatures and develop best at temperatures between 25 degrees and 40 degrees C are called _____. Answer: me...

The branch of science concerned with the study of fungi is called _____.

The branch of science concerned with the study of fungi is called _____. Answer: mycolo...

A group of diverse and widespread unicellular and multicellular organisms, lacking chlorophyll, usually bearing spores and often filamentous is called ______.

A group of diverse and widespread unicellular and multicellular organisms, lacking chlorophyll, usually bearing spores and often filamentous is called...

The study of vessels of the body is called _________.

The study of vessels of the body is called _________. Answer: angiolo...

The ______ convey urine from the kidney to the bladder.

The ______ convey urine from the kidney to the bladder. Answer: urete...

The artery that is the continuation of the external iliac is the _________ artery.

The artery that is the continuation of the external iliac is the _________ artery. Answer: femor...

The esophagus is part of the ______ system.

The esophagus is part of the ______ system. Answer: digesti...

A term pertaining to the side of the body, or away from the median plane is ________.

A term pertaining to the side of the body, or away from the median plane is ________. Answer: later...

Between ____ to _____ million youngsters are not ________ by their parents after school.

Between ____ to _____ million youngsters are not ________ by their parents after school. Answer: 2; 6; supervis...

Adults who have __________ demands of young people most often help them perform their best ability.

Adults who have __________ demands of young people most often help them perform their best ability. Answer: Realist...

Certain types of stress in _________ levels can be _________ to development in adolescence.

Certain types of stress in _________ levels can be _________ to development in adolescence. Answer: Moderate; producti...

Stress is not inherently _______

Stress is not inherently _______ Answer: B...

Unlike some adults, many adolescents cannot _________ their feelings of stress. Therefore, parents and professionals need to be able to ________ the _____________of unhealthy levels of adolescent stress.

Unlike some adults, many adolescents cannot _________ their feelings of stress. Therefore, parents and professionals need to be able to ________ the...

By trolling ____________, the average child is exposed to and internalizes large quantities of _______ daily.

By trolling ____________, the average child is exposed to and internalizes large quantities of _______ daily. Answer: Social media; trau...

Most youth do not experience all stress producing _______ personally at the same time.

Most youth do not experience all stress producing _______ personally at the same time. Answer: Traum...

We don't know all the ways to mediate these shifts in the HPA axis, but it seems to contribute to increased vulnerability to _________, _________, and _______ use.

We don't know all the ways to mediate these shifts in the HPA axis, but it seems to contribute to increased vulnerability to _________, _________, and...

The HPA axis makes thing that feel good feel ________, things that hurt hurt __________, things that stress stress __________.

The HPA axis makes thing that feel good feel ________, things that hurt hurt __________, things that stress stress __________. Answer: Better;...

HPA stands for ___________

HPA stands for ___________ Answer: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adren...

Adolescence marks a significant shift in the ________ axis.

Adolescence marks a significant shift in the ________ axis. Answer: H...

Stress is a __________ that you cannot _______ with all the things on your plate.

Stress is a __________ that you cannot _______ with all the things on your plate. Answer: Feeling; co...

Stress is the _________ that you are unable to meet the ________ of life.

Stress is the _________ that you are unable to meet the ________ of life. Answer: Perception; deman...

Stress if defined in __________ terms and _________ in many ways.

Stress if defined in __________ terms and _________ in many ways. Answer: Psychological; manife...

Many adolescents need help ________, __________, and _________ with stress.

Many adolescents need help ________, __________, and _________ with stress. Answer: Recognizing; articulating; deali...

Types of stressors and our way of handling those stressors change with ______.

Types of stressors and our way of handling those stressors change with ______. Answer: A...

Stress is an _________ part of life and a part of growing to _________.

Stress is an _________ part of life and a part of growing to _________. Answer: Inevitable; maturi...

Hyper-vigilant parents or teachers can harm the __________ of a young person by __________ stress that isn't necessarily __________.

Hyper-vigilant parents or teachers can harm the __________ of a young person by __________ stress that isn't necessarily __________. Answer: development;...

We need to provide __________ down time for teenagers where they can _______ and _____-_______ to help them become more capable of dealing with stress.

We need to provide __________ down time for teenagers where they can _______ and _____-_______ to help them become more capable of dealing with stress. Answer: Unstructured;...

Some adults are guilt of ___________ young people so they can get a feel for the real life. This is ________ to young people.

Some adults are guilt of ___________ young people so they can get a feel for the real life. This is ________ to young people. Answer: Purposefully...

There is no __________ _______ for determining how much stress is ________ ________ stress for a young person who is not capable of articulating feelings.

There is no __________ _______ for determining how much stress is ________ ________ stress for a young person who is not capable of articulating feelings. Answer: Universal...

Our challenge is to _______ stress in adolescents before any ________ is done. Unfortunately, all teenagers are not the _______.

Our challenge is to _______ stress in adolescents before any ________ is done. Unfortunately, all teenagers are not the _______. Answer: Identify;...

David Elkind argued that modern culture _________ some __________.

David Elkind argued that modern culture _________ some __________. Answer: Fosters; stresso...

Maladaptive stress is potentially more _________ of young people, because adolescents are not able to _________ _________.

Maladaptive stress is potentially more _________ of young people, because adolescents are not able to _________ _________. Answer: problematic;...

Maladaptive Stress is the perception that you are _______ to meet the everyday ______ of life.

Maladaptive Stress is the perception that you are _______ to meet the everyday ______ of life. Answer: unable; deman...

The real problem for most young people is not _____ per se, but certain types of ________ ______.

The real problem for most young people is not _____ per se, but certain types of ________ ______. Answer: Stress; maladaptive stre...

There is a general _________ of stress in adolescence by the adolescents, their parents, and by popular media.

There is a general _________ of stress in adolescence by the adolescents, their parents, and by popular media. Answer: Exaggerati...

The internet may have ___________ sometimes frequented by _________________ seeking to victimize children and adolescents.

The internet may have ___________ sometimes frequented by _________________ seeking to victimize children and adolescents.Answer: chat rooms; sexual...

The internet may influence academic ________ via downloading or purchasing ____________ papers.

The internet may influence academic ________ via downloading or purchasing ____________ papers.Answer: Cheating; pre-writ...

The internet can promote social __________ (________ effect)

The internet can promote social __________ (________ effect)Answer: isolation; displacem...

Discussion of sexual ________ RARELY takes place in media.

Discussion of sexual ________ RARELY takes place in media.Answer: R...

_______, and ________ are the most popular online platforms among teens.

_______, and ________ are the most popular online platforms among teens.Answer: Youtube, instagram, snapc...

The internet gives us access to __________ with the potential to enhance __________.

The internet gives us access to __________ with the potential to enhance __________.Answer: Information; educat...

The internet can be a source of positive _____________, providing opportunities to practice _________ and engage in "________ play", and finding answers to problems adolescents may be facing.

The internet can be a source of positive _____________, providing opportunities to practice _________ and engage in "________ play", and finding answers...

The number of sexual scenes on TV has _________ in the last decade.

The number of sexual scenes on TV has _________ in the last decade.Answer: Doub...

Teens prefer shows with ________ content.

Teens prefer shows with ________ content.Answer: Sex...

TV portrays sexual behavior between partners without established _________ as most common.

TV portrays sexual behavior between partners without established _________ as most common.Answer: Relations...

_____ and _________ in TV was less frequent, but has increased in recent years.

_____ and _________ in TV was less frequent, but has increased in recent years.Answer: Intercourse; nud...

Iconic skills are ______ representation or the ability to read _______, such as _______ and ________

Iconic skills are ______ representation or the ability to read _______, such as _______ and ________Answer: Analog; images; pictures; diagr...

Visual attention is the skill of _________ of a lot of different things at the same time.

Visual attention is the skill of _________ _______ of a lot of different things at the same time.Answer: Keeping tr...

TV portray males as preoccupied with _____, always "______ and _______", and a _________ attitude toward sex.

TV portray males as preoccupied with _____, always "______ and _______", and a _________ attitude toward sex.Answer: sex; ready; willing; recrea...

TV portrays females as valuing men mainly for ___________ and ________ and with a _________ attitude toward sex.

TV portrays females as valuing men mainly for ___________ and ________ and with a _________ attitude toward sex.Answer: physical appearance; wealth;...

Males aged _____ to ______ play the most video games.

Males aged _____ to ______ play the most video games.Answer: 15;...

1960-1990 saw a rise in both _______ and ___________.

1960-1990 saw a rise in both _______ and ___________.Answer: Violent crimes; violent television programm...

1990-2010 saw ________ in violent crimes and marked _______ in violent video games.

1990-2010 saw ________ in violent crimes and marked _______ in violent video games.Answer: stability; incre...

Most of the research on the issue of violent media is ____________ (fails to demonstrate ________)

Most of the research on the issue of violent media is ____________ (fails to demonstrate ________)Answer: correlational; causat...

Many field studies have been conducted to address the question: does watching _________ cause adolescent to become more ________ or are adolescents who are more ________ more likely to enjoy watching ________?

Many field studies have been conducted to address the question: does watching _________ cause adolescent to become more ________ or are adolescents who...

Spatial Representation is mental ________, spatial ________, and the ability to deal with _______-___________ images of a hypothetical _____ or _______-_____________ space.

Spatial Representation is mental ________, spatial ________, and the ability to deal with _______-___________ images of a hypothetical _____ or _______-_____________...

Media socialization "_________" of other socializing adults.

Media socialization "_________" of other socializing adults.Answer: goes over the he...

It is important to note, not all of the media used by adolescents are ________ to the ______ and ________ of adult society. Much of it, in face, is quite ________.

It is important to note, not all of the media used by adolescents are ________ to the ______ and ________ of adult society. Much of it, in face, is quite...

A _________ Alaskan night. So _______, you can barely hear a ________ snap!

A _________ Alaskan night. So _______, you can barely hear a ________ snap!Answer: Tranquil; quiet; n...

A great deal of research attention has focused on the extent to which television/video games __________ in young people.

A great deal of research attention has focused on the extent to which television/video games __________ in young people.Answer: Provokes viole...

A majority of __________ crimes are committed by males aged ______ to _______.

A majority of __________ crimes are committed by males aged ______ to _______.Answer: Violent; 15;...

Explosion in technology has transformed the cultural environment in terms of ________ and ________ of media (smart phones)

Explosion in technology has transformed the cultural environment in terms of ________ and ________ of media (smart phones)Answer: Availability; ...

Adolescents draw _________ from media that contribute to their _________.

Adolescents draw _________ from media that contribute to their _________.Answer: Materials; socializat...

Media represents a __________ influence.

Media represents a __________ influence.Answer: broad socializat...

Media are ________-driven. Providers will provide adolescents with what they _______ adolescents ________.

Media are ________-driven. Providers will provide adolescents with what they _______ adolescents ________.Answer: Market; believe; w...

Except ________ all of the uses of media outlined are _______.

Except ________ all of the uses of media outlined are _______.Answer: Entertainment; developmen...

______ of American youth have cable/satellite TV.

______ of American youth have cable/satellite TV.Answer: ...

_____ of American youth own a video gaming system.

_____ of American youth own a video gaming system.Answer: ...

The displacement effect is the extent to which ________ use takes _______ away from other _________.

The displacement effect is the extent to which ________ use takes _______ away from other _________.Answer: media; times; activit...

The cultivation theory argues that watching TV gradually ________ or ________ a person's ________ so it becomes like the ________ frequently depicted on TV.

The cultivation theory argues that watching TV gradually ________ or ________ a person's ________ so it becomes like the ________ frequently depicted...

Social Cognitive Theory argues that people are more likely to _________ behavior they see frequently modeled, in the media, especially if that behavior is _______ (or at least not ________)

Social Cognitive Theory argues that people are more likely to _________ behavior they see frequently modeled, in the media, especially if that behavior...

_____ of American youth go to a movie at least once a month.

_____ of American youth go to a movie at least once a month.Answer: ...

_____ of girls read popular magazines.

_____ of girls read popular magazines.Answer: ...

____ of American youth have access to computers.

____ of American youth have access to computers.Answer: ...

______ of American youth have access to the internet.

______ of American youth have access to the internet.Answer: ...

______ of American Youth have TV with over ______ in bedrom.

______ of American Youth have TV with over ______ in bedrom.Answer: 99%; ...

Nicholas Car argued that the internet is changing the way we _______, _______, and ________ the world around us.

Nicholas Car argued that the internet is changing the way we _______, _______, and ________ the world around us.Answer: read; think; remem...

Effects on media on youth are potentially _________.

Effects on media on youth are potentially _________.Answer: Profo...

Tracing the effects of media is __________.

Tracing the effects of media is __________.Answer: Comp...

American youth listen to music _____ hours/day

American youth listen to music _____ hours/dayAnswer: F...

American youth watch TV _______ hours/day

American youth watch TV _______ hours/dayAnswer: ...

Jane Healy argued that media compromises children's ability to _________ and to ________ and _______ information.

Jane Healy argued that media compromises children's ability to _________ and to ________ and _______ information.Answer: Concentrate; absorb; an...

Jane Healy blamed _________ __________ for making it impossible for kids to _____ unless the _______ would ________ around them.

Jane Healy blamed _________ __________ for making it impossible for kids to _____ unless the _______ would ________ around them.Answer: Sesame Streat;...

Adolescents migrate to media that is imagined, produced, and consumed by _________ rather than entertainment funneled to them by ________.

Adolescents migrate to media that is imagined, produced, and consumed by _________ rather than entertainment funneled to them by ________.Answer: Peers;...

One argument is that media serves only as a _________ for ____________. Technology is _________ _________. Media itself plays no ___________ role.

One argument is that media serves only as a _________ for ____________. Technology is _________ _________. Media itself plays no ___________ role.Answer: Tool;...

Another argument is that media has __________ effects on all facets of ___________.

Another argument is that media has __________ effects on all facets of ___________.Answer: Profound; developm...

Marshall McLuhan argued that ___________ media will replace ________ as the main ________ on our _______ and ________.

Marshall McLuhan argued that ___________ media will replace ________ as the main ________ on our _______ and ________.Answer: electronic; text; influence;...

The average adolescent engages in as much as _______ hours of media consumption a day.

The average adolescent engages in as much as _______ hours of media consumption a day.Answer: Ei...

Media preference follows a ________ pattern.

Media preference follows a ________ pattern.Answer: Developmen...

Younger adolescents favor ___________

Younger adolescents favor ___________Answer: Televis...

Older adolescents favor ______, ________ steaming, and ________ __________ outlets.

Older adolescents favor ______, ________ steaming, and ________ __________ outlets.Answer: Music; video; social me...

Teach young people the difference between ______ and ________.

Teach young people the difference between ______ and ________.Answer: tattling; report...

Exclusion is _________ excluding someone from an on-line group, like a "buddy list"

Exclusion is _________ excluding someone from an on-line group, like a "buddy list"Answer: Intentiona...

Cyber bullying generally starts around ______ years of age and terminates after ______ years of age.

Cyber bullying generally starts around ______ years of age and terminates after ______ years of age.Answer: 9;...

Cyber bullying stops at ____ because after ______ it becomes a more serious _________ _______ of cyber or sexual _________.

Cyber bullying stops at ____ because after ______ it becomes a more serious _________ _______ of cyber or sexual _________.Answer: 14; criminal charge;...

___ of middle school students indicate they have been bullied online.

___ of middle school students indicate they have been bullied online.Answer: ...

____ of middle school students have seen or heard of a website bashing another student.

____ of middle school students have seen or heard of a website bashing another student.Answer: ...

Harassment is repeatedly sending ________, _________, and ________ messages.

Harassment is repeatedly sending ________, _________, and ________ messages.Answer: offensive; rude; insult...

Cyber stalking is repeatedly sending messages that include _______ of _______ or are highly _________. Engaging in other on-line activities that make a person _______ for his or her own ________.

Cyber stalking is repeatedly sending messages that include _______ of _______ or are highly _________. Engaging in other on-line activities that make...

Impersonation is __________ to be someone else and sending or posting material online that makes that person look ______, gets that person in _________ or _______, or damages that person's _______ or _________.

Impersonation is __________ to be someone else and sending or posting material online that makes that person look ______, gets that person in _________...

Outing and trickery is sharing someone's ________ or __________ information online or tricking someone into revealing _______ or ________ information which is then shared online.

Outing and trickery is sharing someone's ________ or __________ information online or tricking someone into revealing _______ or ________ information...

Cyber bullying is being cruel to others by __________ or _________ harmful material using __________ means.

Cyber bullying is being cruel to others by __________ or _________ harmful material using __________ means.Answer: Sending; posting; technologi...

Bullying is ________, occurs on ________ property, the bullies usually have ________ relationships with teachers, and have fear of _________.

Bullying is ________, occurs on ________ property, the bullies usually have ________ relationships with teachers, and have fear of _________.Answer: Direct;...

Cyber bullying is _______, occurs ____ school property, the bullies usually have ________ relationships with teachers, fear the loss of _________ privileges, are further under the ________ than bullying, and the ________ reactions cannot be determined.

Cyber bullying is _______, occurs ____ school property, the bullies usually have ________ relationships with teachers, fear the loss of _________ privileges,...

Flaming is an online _______ using electronic message with ________ and _______ language.

Flaming is an online _______ using electronic message with ________ and _______ language.Answer: fight; angry; vul...

Relational bullying is _________ bullying.

Relational bullying is _________ bullying.Answer: Indir...

Centuries ago, bully means a ______, ______ member, or _______ _________.

Centuries ago, bully means a ______, ______ member, or _______ _________.Answer: Friend; family; sweet he...

Today, bullying means behavior that is ________, _______, and ________ by one or more persons.

Today, bullying means behavior that is ________, _______, and ________ by one or more persons.Answer: Intentional; hurtful; repea...

Bullied children are _______, _______, and ______ verbally or physically.

Bullied children are _______, _______, and ______ verbally or physically.Answer: Teased; harassed; assaul...

____ of US students in graded 6-12 experienced bullying.

____ of US students in graded 6-12 experienced bullying.Answer: ...

Utah has almost ____________ victims.

Utah has almost ____________ victims.Answer: 40,...

Physical and verbal bullying is __________ bullying.

Physical and verbal bullying is __________ bullying.Answer: Dir...

Bully used to mean the ______ of what it means today.

Bully used to mean the ______ of what it means today.Answer: Oppos...

Ethnic minority students who feel __________ have ________ academic achievement.

Ethnic minority students who feel __________ have ________ academic achievement.Answer: Underprivileged; lo...

________ students from westernized countries do _______ across the board. ________ males tend to do the ________.

________ students from westernized countries do _______ across the board. ________ males tend to do the ________.Answer: Asian; better; Latino; ...

Those families that present a _________ environment that cultivates _________ awareness without _________ ________ have the highest achieving children.

Those families that present a _________ environment that cultivates _________ awareness without _________ ________ have the highest achieving children.Answer: supportive;...

The level of _________ of parents __________ correlates with ________ achievement.

The level of _________ of parents __________ correlates with ________ achievement.Answer: schooling; positively; acade...

_____ achieving friends have a ________ impact on ______ achieving friends.

_____ achieving friends have a ________ impact on ______ achieving friends.Answer: High; positive; ...

Low achieving friends don't have an impact on high achieving friends except when the adolescent has a high _______ _________ with the potential to perform _______ on_________.

Low achieving friends don't have an impact on high achieving friends except when the adolescent has a high _______ _________ with the potential to perform...

Higher _______ correlates with better educational _______.

Higher _______ correlates with better educational _______.Answer: SES; attainm...

Beware of ___________! Higher _____ correlates with higher IQ, education, geographic access to school, authoritative parenting style. etc.

Beware of ___________! Higher _____ correlates with higher IQ, education, geographic access to school, authoritative parenting style. etc.Answer: Covariance;...

Someone who has a mastery orientation focuses on the ________ rather than their ______, have positive _______, and generate ________-oriented _______ that improve their ___________.

Someone who has a mastery orientation focuses on the ________ rather than their ______, have positive _______, and generate ________-oriented _______...

Someone who has a helpless orientation focuses on their personal ___________, attribute ______ to lack of ________, and display ________ effect.

Someone who has a helpless orientation focuses on their personal ___________, attribute ______ to lack of ________, and display ________ effect.Answer: inadequacies;...

Someone who has a performance orientation is concerned with __________ rather than ___________ is what matters.

Someone who has a performance orientation is concerned with __________ rather than ___________ is what matters.Answer: performance outcome; performance...

Much more research has been conducted on why adolescent ________ do less well than adolescent _______ in ________ and ________ than on why ______ generally do worse than _______ on virtually every other measure of __________ achievement.

Much more research has been conducted on why adolescent ________ do less well than adolescent _______ in ________ and ________ than on why ______ generally...

What makes achievement in adolescence important? School ________ and _________ take shape in ___________ education. _________ and ________ _________ matter.

What makes achievement in adolescence important? School ________ and _________ take shape in ___________ education. _________ and ________ _________ matter.Answer: Performance;...

What makes achievement in adolescence important? __________ grouping takes on _________ and _________ in secondary education. (____ classes)

What makes achievement in adolescence important? __________ grouping takes on _________ and _________ in secondary education. (____ classes)Answer: Ability;...

What makes achievement in adolescence important? _________ capacity - in adolescence, individuals being to have the ability to see the "________ _______" and _______ _______ consequences of ______.

What makes achievement in adolescence important? _________ capacity - in adolescence, individuals being to have the ability to see the "________ _______"...

Attribution theory explores how individuals "attribute" _________ to ________ and how this cognitive _________ affects _________.

Attribution theory explores how individuals "attribute" _________ to ________ and how this cognitive _________ affects _________.Answer: causes;...

In attribution theory, individuals are motivated to discover the ___________ _______ of their own ________ or ________.

In attribution theory, individuals are motivated to discover the ___________ _______ of their own ________ or ________.Answer: underlying causes;...

What makes achievement in adolescence important? Society sees adolescence as the ______ to ______ (start _________) for ________ _________.

What makes achievement in adolescence important?Society sees adolescence as the ______ to ______ (start _________) for ________ _________.Answer: time;...

Multisystemic Approach gives the idea that the whole system is __________ and needs _________.

Multisystemic Approach gives the idea that the whole system is __________ and needs _________.Answer: Dysfunctional; attent...

_______ delinquents are the most difficult to treat.

_______ delinquents are the most difficult to treat.Answer: Characterologi...

Parents and juvenile systems tend to look the other way repeatedly before they _______________ the existence of a ____________.

Parents and juvenile systems tend to look the other way repeatedly before they _______________ the existence of a ____________.Answer: Existence;...

The best approach depends on ______.

The best approach depends on ______.Answer: Who you ...

Some research shows that most approaches have ________ results for most young people (_________ to slightly _________)

Some research shows that most approaches have ________ results for most young people (_________ to slightly _________)Answer: Similar; fair; g...

Adolescents are not _________. They are _______ individuals.

Adolescents are not _________. They are _______ individuals.Answer: Cattle; uni...

Not just proclaim diversity awareness - "Why can't we all just get along?" sells diversity ________. It plays to a ________ culture bias. We need to get beyond that idea and begin to embrace elements of _______ that ________.

Not just proclaim diversity awareness - "Why can't we all just get along?" sells diversity ________. It plays to a ________ culture bias. We need to get...

Socialized delinquents are traditionally _________.

Socialized delinquents are traditionally _________.Answer: Gang memb...

Shoplifters, joy riders, and vandals are examples of __________ delinquents.

Shoplifters, joy riders, and vandals are examples of __________ delinquents.Answer: Neuro...

Socialized delinquents participate in delinquent behavior as a __________ part of life.

Socialized delinquents participate in delinquent behavior as a __________ part of life.Answer: nor...

The gateway drug hypothesis is where some people indicate that if adolescents could be prevented from using ______ and ________, they would be less likely to use marijuana and hard drugs.

The gateway drug hypothesis is where some people indicate that if adolescents could be prevented from using ______ and ________, they would be less likely...

Kids turn to drugs, because most agreed upon assumption involves a "___________"

Kids turn to drugs, because most agreed upon assumption involves a "___________"Answer: Cascading Variable Hypothe...

Storm and Stress has been over __________.

Storm and Stress has been over __________.Answer: Dramati...

Nature and Nurture are not ____________

Nature and Nurture are not ____________Answer: Diametrically oppo...

Continuity and Discontinuity can __________ in the same _________

Continuity and Discontinuity can __________ in the same _________Answer: Live together; the...

Running From adolescents are avoiding a ________ situation.

Running From adolescents are avoiding a ________ situation.Answer: negat...

Stay Aways are ________ children.

Stay Aways are ________ children.Answer: Str...

Adolescent substance use became a target of a deal of _________ attention, public _________ programs, and ______ in the 1980s and beyond.

Adolescent substance use became a target of a deal of _________ attention, public _________ programs, and ______ in the 1980s and beyond.Answer: political;...

The higher levels of drug use occurs during age when _________ socializing is most prevalent.

The higher levels of drug use occurs during age when _________ socializing is most prevalent.Answer: Unstructu...

_____ is the number one drug.

_____ is the number one drug.Answer: Aloc...

About _____ of runaway adolescents are "___________" - their parents have forced them to leave.

About _____ of runaway adolescents are "___________" - their parents have forced them to leaveAnswer: 1/4; throwaw...

Adolescents who run away from home have often experienced ______ ________ with their parents.

Adolescents who run away from home have often experienced ______ ________ with their parents.Answer: High confl...

Many runaways have experienced ______ or ________ abuse.

Many runaways have experienced ______ or ________ abuse.Answer: Physical; sex...

Adolescents who run away tend to be highly _______ to _________.

Adolescents who run away tend to be highly _______ to _________.Answer: Vulnerable; exploitat...

Running To adolescents are chasing _______ and ________. These have a greater chance of ______ and less long term effects.

Running To adolescents are chasing _______ and ________. These have a greater chance of ______ and less long term effects.Answer: Experience; excitement;...

Natural cessation means that _____ makes _______ or most delinquents ______ when they get ________.

Natural cessation means that _____ makes _______ or most delinquents ______ when they get ________.Answer: age; wise; stop; ol...

The ___________ approach to preventing crime and delinquency has been met with some _________.

The ___________ approach to preventing crime and delinquency has been met with some _________.Answer: Multisystemic appro...

MST includes _______ training, ______ training, _______ counseling, development of _________ activities, and ______ - directing the _______ of delinquents in _______ directions.

MST includes _______ training, ______ training, _______ counseling, development of _________ activities, and ______ - directing the _______ of delinquents...

About ___ _______ adolescents run away from home each year in the US

About ___ _______ adolescents run away from home each year in the USAnswer: 1 mill...

Psychopathic or antisocial personality disorder likelihood and seriousness is increased if ___________

Psychopathic or antisocial personality disorder likelihood and seriousness is increased if ___________Answer: Prepuber...

Neurotic behavior sometimes stops just by making an ____________. Otherwise, one needs to identify the ______________ helps.

Neurotic behavior sometimes stops just by making an ____________. Otherwise, one needs to identify the ______________ helps.Answer: appointment;...

Socialized delinquency is more ________ to treat. They are neither ________ nor ________ to traditional psychotherapy. Maybe teach them a "_______".

Socialized delinquency is more ________ to treat. They are neither ________ nor ________ to traditional psychotherapy. Maybe teach them a "_______".Answer: Difficult;...

Characterological delinquency usually requires ________ as the only option for treatment.

Characterological delinquency usually requires ________ as the only option for treatment.Answer: Institutionalizat...

Neurotic delinquency are illegal acts committed by an _________ effort to _________ some specific unmet ________ need.

Neurotic delinquency are illegal acts committed by an _________ effort to _________ some specific unmet ________ need.Answer: individual; communicate;...

Psychopathic or Antisocial Personality Disorder is an underdeveloped ________ and an inability to _______ with other people.

Psychopathic or Antisocial Personality Disorder is an underdeveloped ________ and an inability to _______ with other people.Answer: Conscience; ...

Delinquency is acts against _______. Breaking the ______.

Delinquency is acts against _______. Breaking the ______.Answer: Society; ...

Males are _____ and a half times more likely to commit crimes, and be arrested for crimes.

Males are _____ and a half times more likely to commit crimes, and be arrested for crimes.Answer:&nbs...

Status offenses are acts which are ______ only by virtue of the person's ______.

Status offenses are acts which are ______ only by virtue of the person's ______.Answer: Illegal; ...

Juvenile delinquents are a _________ group of young people who engage in ________ acts.

Juvenile delinquents are a _________ group of young people who engage in ________ acts.Answer: Heterogenous; delinqu...

Socialized delinquency is ___________ well adjusted members of a delinquent ________ that endorses antisocial standards of conduct.

Socialized delinquency is ___________ well adjusted members of a delinquent ________ that endorses antisocial standards of conduct.Answer: Psychologically;...

Characterological delinquency is __________ irresponsible, aggressive, and inconsiderate illegal _______ that reflects an essentially ________ personality orientation; usually associated with _________ personality.

Characterological delinquency is __________ irresponsible, aggressive, and inconsiderate illegal _______ that reflects an essentially ________ personality...

________ is more effective to prevent risky driving. It addresses a variety of ______ ________ and restricts the ________ under which novices can drive.

________ is more effective to prevent risky driving. It addresses a variety of ______ ________ and restricts the ________ under which novices can drive.Answer: GDL;...

A learning license requires ________ while driving.

A learning license requires ________ while driving.Answer: Supervis...

A restricted license allows the driver to drive _______, but with _________ designed to reduce crashes.

A restricted license allows the driver to drive _______, but with _________ designed to reduce crashes.Answer: unsupervised; restricti...

A full license is received _____ year(s) after restricted.

A full license is received _____ year(s) after restricted.Answer:&nbs...

________ Problems = ________ Behavior = _________ Behavior

________ Problems = ________ Behavior = _________ BehaviorAnswer: Externalizing; risk; prob...

Highest rates of auto accidents, injuries, and fatalities are highest among _______ aged ______ to _____.

Highest rates of auto accidents, injuries, and fatalities are highest among _______ aged ______ to _____.Answer: Youth; 16;...

_____ _________ are the leading cause of death among adolescents ages 16-24

_____ _________ are the leading cause of death among adolescents ages 16-24Answer: Auto accide...

Risky Driving Prevention Approaches:

Risky Driving Prevention Approaches:1. Driver _______2. _________ Driver Licensing (GDL)Education; gradua...

Driver education generally ______ _________ too well.

Driver education generally ___________ too well.Answer: hasn't wor...

Females are ____ to _____ more likely than males to attempt suicide

Females are ____ to _____ more likely than males to attempt suicideAnswer: 2;...

Males are _____ to ______ more liekly than females to kill themselves.

Males are _____ to ______ more liekly than females to kill themselves.Answer: 4;...

Suicide is most likely in ______ to _______ years.

Suicide is most likely in ______ to _______ years.Answer: 20...

Suicide rates are higher among __________.

Suicide rates are higher among __________.Answer: white ma...

Suicide rates are highest among _________ youth.

Suicide rates are highest among _________ youth.Answer: Native Ameri...

The USA has the highest _______ rate; Canada has the highest ______ rate.

The USA has the highest _______ rate; Canada has the highest ______ rate.Answer: Homicide; suic...

Suicide is the _______ most common cause of death ages ____ to _____.

Suicide is the _______ most common cause of death ages ____ to _____.Answer: Third; 15;...

____ in _____ adolescents have suicidal ideations

____ in _____ adolescents have suicidal ideationsAnswer: 1;...

____ in _______ adolescents attempted suicide.

____ in _______ adolescents attempted suicide.Answer: 1;...

Unlike Anorexics, bulimia nervosa occurs within a _______ range, often difficult to detect.

Unlike Anorexics, bulimia nervosa occurs within a _______ range, often difficult to detect.Answer: Normal wei...

Binge Eating Disorder affects ______ of US adults

Binge Eating Disorder affects ______ of US adultsAnswer: 2...

ED NOS are eating disorders _____________ replaced in the DSM-V with ________/________ food intake disorder, _______ ___________ feeding or eating disorder, and __________ feeding or eating disorder.

ED NOS are eating disorders _____________ replaced in the DSM-V with ________/________ food intake disorder, _______ ___________ feeding or eating disorder,...

Most anorexic cases require _________ as a first step of treatment.

Most anorexic cases require _________ as a first step of treatment.Answer: Hospitalizat...

1 in _____ deaths for Anorexia are _______.

1 in _____ deaths for Anorexia are _______.Answer: 5; suici...

Bulimia Nervosa affects ______ of US Women

Bulimia Nervosa affects ______ of US WomenAnswer: 1...

Bulimia Nervosa is an eating disorder where the individual consistently follow a _______-and-_______ pattern.

Bulimia Nervosa is an eating disorder where the individual consistently follow a _______-and-_______ pattern.Answer: Binge; pu...

Bulimia nervosa is characterized by binge eating _____ time(s) per week for ____ months.

Bulimia nervosa is characterized by binge eating _____ time(s) per week for ____ months.Answer: 1;...

Purging can be done by self-induced _______ or ________ abuse.

Purging can be done by self-induced _______ or ________ abuse.Answer: Vomiting; laxat...

Anorexia Nervosa affects _______ of US women.

Anorexia Nervosa affects _______ of US women.Answer: 0...

Anorexia Nervosa is characterized by ________ body weight below that expected.

Anorexia Nervosa is characterized by ________ body weight below that expected.Answer: ...

Amenorrhea is the absense of ______ consecutive _________, but this feature was ________ in DSM-V.

Amenorrhea is the absense of ______ consecutive _________, but this feature was ________ in DSM-V.Answer: three; menstrual cycles; omit...

Most anorexics are ______ adolescent or young adult _______.

Most anorexics are ______ adolescent or young adult _______.Answer: White; fema...

Anorexia affects all _____.

Anorexia affects all _____.Answer: Ra...

____ of Schizophrenics "________" - function in society.

____ of Schizophrenics "________" - function in society.Answer: 25%; reco...

______ of Schizophrenics get a _______ ________.

______ of Schizophrenics get a _______ ________.Answer: 50%; little bet...

_______ of Schizophrenics have no ________.

_______ of Schizophrenics have no ________.Answer: 25%; progr...

Delusions or hallucinations are called positive symptoms, because they are there but _________ _______.

Delusions or hallucinations are called positive symptoms, because they are there but _________ _______.Answer: Shouldn't...

Negative symptoms of Schizophrenia refer to things that are __________.

Negative symptoms of Schizophrenia refer to things that are __________.Answer: Miss...

Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that involves the relentless pursuit of ________ through _________.

Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that involves the relentless pursuit of ________ through _________.Answer: Thinness; starvat...

Major depressive disorder is an episode that includes ________ or more symptoms during a ______ week period that disrupt __________.

Major depressive disorder is an episode that includes ________ or more symptoms during a ______ week period that disrupt __________.Answer: five;...

Major depressive disorder occurs more in _______.

Major depressive disorder occurs more in _______.Answer: fema...

Schizophrenia occurs in _______ of population.

Schizophrenia occurs in _______ of population.Answer: ...

_______ of Schizophrenia diagnoses are before ______ years of age.

_______ of Schizophrenia diagnoses are before ______ years of age.Answer: 70%;...

Externalizing behaviors tend to ______ ________, are more common among _______, and are often motivated by desire for ________, not necessarily underlying _______ or _________.

Externalizing behaviors tend to ______ ________, are more common among _______, and are often motivated by desire for ________, not necessarily underlying...

A person that fights is more likely to commit other ________.

A person that fights is more likely to commit other ________.Answer: cri...

Depression is a __________ disorder.

Depression is a __________ disorder.Answer: Affect...

Depression is an __________ period of ___________.

Depression is an __________ period of ___________.Answer: Enduring; sadn...

Depressed mood is enduring period of sadness without any ___________ symptoms.

Depressed mood is enduring period of sadness without any ___________ symptoms.Answer: Rela...

Depressive syndrome is the addition of ___________ such as frequent crying, feeling guilty, lonely, or worried.

Depressive syndrome is the addition of ___________ such as frequent crying, feeling guilty, lonely, or worried.Answer: Sympt...

Internalizing problems are problems that affect a person's ________ world.

Internalizing problems are problems that affect a person's ________ world.Answer: Inter...

Internalizing problems tend to ____ ________, are more common in _________, and are associated with experiencing ________.

Internalizing problems tend to ____ ________, are more common in _________, and are associated with experiencing ________.Answer: go together; females;...

A person who is depressed is also more likely to have a ________ disorder.

A person who is depressed is also more likely to have a ________ disorder.Answer: anxi...

Externalizing problems are ______-________ behaviors and/or _________ behaviors.

Externalizing problems are ______-________ behaviors and/or _________ behaviors.Answer: Risk-taking; prob...

The _____________ route is not a portal route of entry of a pathogen per se, but rather a way of circumventing the usual portals.

The _____________ route is not a portal route of entry of a pathogen per se, but rather a way of circumventing the usual portals.Answer: parente...

The study of the cause of the and where disease occur is known as ___________.

The study of the cause of the and where disease occur is known as ___________.Answer: epidemiol...

In 2% of pregnancies, pathogens cross the _______ and infect the embryo or fetus.

In 2% of pregnancies, pathogens cross the _______ and infect the embryo or fetus.Answer: place...

The study of the cause of disease is known as ______________.

The study of the cause of disease is known as ______________.Answer: etiol...

The hepatitis C virus normally establishes a(n) ___________ infection and may be asymptomatic for a decade.

The hepatitis C virus normally establishes a(n) ___________ infection and may be asymptomatic for a decade.Answer: lat...

Spread of pathogens from one host to another by fomites is an example of ______ contact transmission.

Spread of pathogens from one host to another by fomites is an example of ______ contact transmission.Answer: indir...

_______ not only transmit pathogens, but also serve as hosts for the multiplication of the pathogen during some phase pf the pathogens life cycle.

_______ not only transmit pathogens, but also serve as hosts for the multiplication of the pathogen during some phase pf the pathogens life cycle.Answer: biological...

The bacterium that causes cholera is capable of living independently in freshwater. As a consequence, cholera epidemics primarily involve ___________ reservoirs.

The bacterium that causes cholera is capable of living independently in freshwater. As a consequence, cholera epidemics primarily involve ___________...

The _________ period is the time between infection and the occurrence of the first symptoms or signs of disease.

The _________ period is the time between infection and the occurrence of the first symptoms or signs of disease.Answer: incubat...

Staphylococcus bacteria are commonly present in the human nasal cavity but rarely cause disease of the upper respiratory system. This situation is an example of ____________.

Staphylococcus bacteria are commonly present in the human nasal cavity but rarely cause disease of the upper respiratory system. This situation is an...

_______ is an endotoxin that stimulates the body to release chemicals that cause fever, inflammation, diarrhea, hemorrhaging, shock, and blood coagulation.

_______ is an endotoxin that stimulates the body to release chemicals that cause fever, inflammation, diarrhea, hemorrhaging, shock, and blood coagulation.Answer: lipid...

Diseases that are naturally spread from their usual animal hosts to humans are known as ___________.

Diseases that are naturally spread from their usual animal hosts to humans are known as ___________.Answer: zoono...

________ interfere with the nerve functions of the host

________ interfere with the nerve functions of the host Answer: neurotoxi...

Places in the body where there is no normal microbiota are referred to as

Places in the body where there is no normal microbiota are referred to as Answer: axen...

E. Coli in the colon is an example of ______________

E. Coli in the colon is an example of ______________ Answer: resident microbio...

_________ are toxins that affect the lining of the gastrointestinal tract.

_________ are toxins that affect the lining of the gastrointestinal tract. Answer: enterotoxi...

An animal virus that does not have an envelope is described as a(n) ________ virion.

An animal virus that does not have an envelope is described as a(n) ________ virion. Answer: nak...

Three ________ represent the highest level of taxonomic rank used in classifying viruses.

Three ________ represent the highest level of taxonomic rank used in classifying viruses. Answer: orde...

A(n) __________ is a clear zone on a bacterial lawn where cells have been killed by the activity of a bacteriophage.

A(n) __________ is a clear zone on a bacterial lawn where cells have been killed by the activity of a bacteriophage. Answer: plaq...

__________, genes that play a role in a proper cell division, may also play a role in some types of cancer.

__________, genes that play a role in a proper cell division, may also play a role in some types of cancer. Answer: protooncoge...

In enveloped viruses, virus-encoded ___________ proteins are required for the assembly of the envelope around the capsid.

In enveloped viruses, virus-encoded ___________ proteins are required for the assembly of the envelope around the capsid. Answer: matr...

RNA viruses such as HIV require the activity of ________ to become proviruses.

RNA viruses such as HIV require the activity of ________ to become proviruses. Answer: reverse transcripta...

________ RNA is viral single-stranded RNA that can act directly as mRNA.

________ RNA is viral single-stranded RNA that can act directly as mRNA. Answer: positive stra...

________ is the process in which viral capsids are removed within the infected cell.

________ is the process in which viral capsids are removed within the infected cell. Answer: uncoati...

Another term for a lysogenic phage is a ___________ phage.

Another term for a lysogenic phage is a ___________ phage. Answer: tempera...

The number of new bacteriophages released from each infected cell is called the _____________.

The number of new bacteriophages released from each infected cell is called the _____________. Answer: burst si...

Bacteriophages use the enzyme __________ to breach the bacterial cell wall.

Bacteriophages use the enzyme __________ to breach the bacterial cell wall. Answer: lysozy...

Viral capsids are composed of subunits called __________.

Viral capsids are composed of subunits called __________. Answer: capsomer...

The combination of a virus's protein coat and nucleic acid core is called the ____________.

The combination of a virus's protein coat and nucleic acid core is called the ____________. Answer: nucleocaps...

Ticks, lice, and mosquitoes often serve as _______ by carrying and transmitting pathogenic microbes.

Ticks, lice, and mosquitoes often serve as _______ by carrying and transmitting pathogenic microbes. Answer: vecto...

Multicellular algae often reproduce sexually by means of haploid and diploid individuals in a process called ____________.

Multicellular algae often reproduce sexually by means of haploid and diploid individuals in a process called  ____________. Answer: alternation...

_________ is the study of algae.

_________ is the study of algae. Answer: phycolo...

The ____________ are modified hyphae that allow fungi to derive nutrients from other living organisms.

The ____________ are modified hyphae that allow fungi to derive nutrients from other living organisms. Answer: haustor...

Organisms such as fungi that absorb nutrients from dead organisms are called ________.

Organisms such as fungi that absorb nutrients from dead organisms are called ________. Answer: saprob...

Fungi and insects both use the nitrogenous polysaccharide ________ as a protective molecule in their outer surfaces.

Fungi and insects both use the nitrogenous polysaccharide ________ as a protective molecule in their outer surfaces. Answer: chit...

The _________ are protozoa that move and feed by the use of pseudopodia.

The _________ are protozoa that move and feed by the use of pseudopodia. Answer: amoeb...

Some protozoa protect themselves from the adverse effects of osmosis by the use of ________ to pump out excess water.

Some protozoa protect themselves from the adverse effects of osmosis by the use of ________ to pump out excess water. Answer: contractile va...

The fever and chills associated with malaria are due to the release of uninucleate daughter cells of Plasmodium called _____________.

The fever and chills associated with malaria are due to the release of uninucleate daughter cells of Plasmodium called _____________. Answer:&nbs...

Burkholderia is a common opportunistic pathogen of patients with __________.

Burkholderia is a common opportunistic pathogen of patients with __________. Answer: cystic fibros...

The infective stage of chlamydia is called the __________.

The infective stage of chlamydia is called the __________. Answer: elementary bo...

The ____________ are a group of Gram-negative bacteria that include obligate anaerobes normally found in the intestinal tracts of animals and humans.

The ____________ are a group of Gram-negative bacteria that include obligate anaerobes normally found in the intestinal tracts of animals and human...

Plant tumors caused by Agrobacterium infections are called ___________.

Plant tumors caused by Agrobacterium infections are called ___________. Answer: gal...

Slow-growing bacteria in the genus __________ are able to withstand long exposure to air because of the presence of mycolic acid in their cell wall structure.

Slow-growing bacteria in the genus __________ are able to withstand long exposure to air because of the presence of mycolic acid in their cell wall...

The reduction of nitrogen gas to ammonia is called _____________.

The reduction of nitrogen gas to ammonia is called _____________. Answer: nitrogen fixati...

The __________ are unusual structures associated with the alphaproteobacteria and consist of an extension of the cytoplasm surrounded by the cytoplasmic membrane and cell wall.

The __________ are unusual structures associated with the alphaproteobacteria and consist of an extension of the cytoplasm surrounded by the cytoplasmic...

The genus of pathogenic cocci responsible for a wide range of human disease and whose members grow in chains is ______________.

The genus of pathogenic cocci responsible for a wide range of human disease and whose members grow in chains is ______________. Answer: stre...

The __________ are a group of Gram-positive bacteria that form branching filaments resembling those of fungi.

The __________ are a group of Gram-positive bacteria that form branching filaments resembling those of fungi. Answer: actinomycet...

A genetic determination used in classifying the different taxa of Gram-positive bacteria is the ___________ ratio.

A genetic determination used in classifying the different taxa of Gram-positive bacteria is the ___________ ratio. Answer: G +...

The _____________ are regular clusters of cocci that resemble a square.

The _____________ are regular clusters of cocci that resemble a square. Answer: tetra...

Thick-walled spores produced by some species of cyanobacteria are called _______________.

Thick-walled spores produced by some species of cyanobacteria are called _______________. Answer: akinet...

The ___________ are bacteria that use chlorophyll a and engage in oxygenic photosynthesis, just like plants and algae.

The ___________ are bacteria that use chlorophyll a and engage in oxygenic photosynthesis, just like plants and algae. Answer: cyanobacter...

The ___________ are bacteria that can colonize and spoil meats preserved with high concentrations of salt.

The ___________ are bacteria that can colonize and spoil meats preserved with high concentrations of salt. Answer: halophil...

A bacterial cell that produces an endospore is called a(n) _________ cell.

A bacterial cell that produces an endospore is called a(n) _________ cell. Answer: vegetati...

Failure of the thymus to develop results in ________.

Failure of the thymus to develop results in ________. Answer: DiGeorge syndro...

Immunological attack on the islets of Langerhans resulting in the inability to produce insulin leads to ______.

Immunological attack on the islets of Langerhans resulting in the inability to produce insulin leads to ______. Answer: type I diabetes mell...

Grave's disease is an autoimmune disease that affects the ____________.

Grave's disease is an autoimmune disease that affects the ____________. Answer: thyroid gla...

A graft that is from one identical twin to another is a(n) _________.

A graft that is from one identical twin to another is a(n) _________. Answer: isogra...

One feature of hemolytic disease of the newborn is excessive ________, which leads to jaundice in the newborn.

One feature of hemolytic disease of the newborn is excessive ________, which leads to jaundice in the newborn. Answer: bilirubin ...

When the donor's blood group antigens stimulate the production of antibodies in the recipient, ________ reactions occur.

When the donor's blood group antigens stimulate the production of antibodies in the recipient, ________ reactions occur. Answer: transfusi...

Stress may result in the production of __________, which may lead to acquired immunodeficiency disease.

Stress may result in the production of __________, which may lead to acquired immunodeficiency disease. Answer: glucocorticoi...

When the release of chemicals in an allergic reaction exceeds the body's ability to adjust, a life-threatening condition called __________ may occur.

When the release of chemicals in an allergic reaction exceeds the body's ability to adjust, a life-threatening condition called __________ may occu...

The ______ released in an immediate hypersensitivity reactions leads to the destruction of nearby cells and the activation of the complement system.

The ______ released in an immediate hypersensitivity reactions leads to the destruction of nearby cells and the activation of the complement system...

Binding of IgE to the surface of sensitized cells leads to ________ of the cell, releasing many inflammatory chemicals.

Binding of IgE to the surface of sensitized cells leads to ________ of the cell, releasing many inflammatory chemicals. Answer: degranulati...

Type I hypersensitivity reactions are also commonly known as ____________.

Type I hypersensitivity reactions are also commonly known as ____________. Answer: allergi...

In cases of anaphylactic shock, ___________ should be administered.

In cases of anaphylactic shock, ___________ should be administered. Answer: epinephri...

Although antibodies to nucleic acids are characteristic of _________, many other autoantibodies are produced.

Although antibodies to nucleic acids are characteristic of _________, many other autoantibodies are produced. Answer: systemic lupus erythem...

_______ is a type III hypersensitivity reaction that results when B cells produce autoantibodies that damage the cartilage in the joints.

_______ is a type III hypersensitivity reaction that results when B cells produce autoantibodies that damage the cartilage in the joints. Answer: rheumatoid...

When bone marrow is transplanted, the donated bone marrow cells regard the patient's cells as foreign, a condition referred to as ________ disease.

When bone marrow is transplanted, the donated bone marrow cells regard the patient's cells as foreign, a condition referred to as ________ disease. Answer: graft-versus-host...

One way to measure the antibody levels in the blood is by _____________ using agglutination tests.

One way to measure the antibody levels in the blood is by _____________ using agglutination tests. Answer: titrati...

The Ouchterlony test is a(n) _____________ test.

The Ouchterlony test is a(n) _____________ test. Answer: double immunodiffusi...

______ are used to treat snakebites.

______ are used to treat snakebites. Answer: antiveni...

Antisera directed against toxins are known as ________.

Antisera directed against toxins are known as ________. Answer: antitoxi...

The fusion of antibody-producing plasma cells with cancerous cells produces ________ that divide continuously.

The fusion of antibody-producing plasma cells with cancerous cells produces ________ that divide continuously. Answer: hybridom...

A(n) _________ assay uses antibodies bound on the surface of a membrane filter to detect antigens.

A(n) _________ assay uses antibodies bound on the surface of a membrane filter to detect antigens. Answer: immunofiltrati...

Modern vaccine technology can involve inserting the DNA encoding the pathogen's antigen(s) into a(n) ________ and injecting it into an individual.

Modern vaccine technology can involve inserting the DNA encoding the pathogen's antigen(s) into a(n) ________ and injecting it into an individual. Answer: plasmid...

_______ are chemically or thermally modified toxins that are used for vaccination.

_______ are chemically or thermally modified toxins that are used for vaccination. Answer: toxoi...

A microbe antigenically similar to a human pathogen but incapable of causing disease in humans is a good candidate for use as a(n) _____________ vaccine.

A microbe antigenically similar to a human pathogen but incapable of causing disease in humans is a good candidate for use as a(n) _____________ vaccine. Answer: live...

Materials that are added to a vaccine to increase the effective antigenicity are known as _______.

Materials that are added to a vaccine to increase the effective antigenicity are known as _______. Answer: adjuvan...

Immunization with ___________ vaccines result in primarily an antibody-mediated immune response.

Immunization with ___________ vaccines result in primarily an antibody-mediated immune response. Answer: inactivat...

When vaccines do not provide lifelong immunity, ____________ must be given to maintain protection.

When vaccines do not provide lifelong immunity, ____________ must be given to maintain protection. Answer: booste...

Vaccines that contain attenuated microbes are also known as ________.

Vaccines that contain attenuated microbes are also known as ________. Answer: modified live vaccin...

Raising viruses for numerous generations can produce a(n) ______ form of the virus.

Raising viruses for numerous generations can produce a(n) ______ form of the virus. Answer: attenuat...

Deliberate infection of young children with particles of ground smallpox scabs from children who had survived mild cases of smallpox was known as ________.

Deliberate infection of young children with particles of ground smallpox scabs from children who had survived mild cases of smallpox was known as _...

When a T cell and an antigen-presenting cell interact, a specialized contact called a(n) ________ forms between them.

When a T cell and an antigen-presenting cell interact, a specialized contact called a(n) ________ forms between them. Answer: immunological ...

A humoral immune response occurs when an APC binds to a(n) ___________ and releases IL-1.

A humoral immune response occurs when an APC binds to a(n) ___________ and releases IL-1. Answer: Th2 lymphocy...

B lymphocytes can bind directly to large antigens with repeating polysaccharide subunits, such as a bacterial capsule that has antigenic determinants known as ________.

B lymphocytes can bind directly to large antigens with repeating polysaccharide subunits, such as a bacterial capsule that has antigenic determinants...

An APC presents antigen to an unactivated T lymphocyte on an MHC I molecule and secretes IL-12 at the same time. As a result, the T lymphocyte differentiates into a(n) ________ lymphocyte.

An APC presents antigen to an unactivated T lymphocyte on an MHC I molecule and secretes IL-12 at the same time. As a result, the T lymphocyte differentiates...

Professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) include B cells, macrophages, and ________.

Professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) include B cells, macrophages, and ________. Answer: dendritic cel...

A(n) ____________ detects the Fc region of an antibody bound to a cell and responsibilities by releasing perforin and granzyme.

A(n) ____________ detects the Fc region of an antibody bound to a cell and responsibilities by releasing perforin and granzyme. Answer: natural...

The surface of each B lymphocyte is covered with about 250,000 to 500,000 identical copies of __________.

The surface of each B lymphocyte is covered with about 250,000 to 500,000 identical copies of __________. Answer: B cell recepto...

TCRs only recognize antigens presented by APC; therefore, ________ molecules ultimately determine which epitopes elicit an immune response.

TCRs only recognize antigens presented by APC; therefore, ________ molecules ultimately determine which epitopes elicit an immune response. Answe...

The process of _______ removes lymphocytes that react to autoantigens.

The process of _______ removes lymphocytes that react to autoantigens. Answer: clonal deleti...

______ is required for helper T cells to bind antigen.

______ is required for helper T cells to bind antigen. Answer: Antigen processi...

Under normal conditions, _____________ takes place when a lymphocyte binds to an autoantigen.

Under normal conditions, _____________ takes place when a lymphocyte binds to an autoantigen. Answer: apoptos...

The variable regions from the light and heavy chains of an antibody combine to form ________.

The variable regions from the light and heavy chains of an antibody combine to form ________. Answer: antigen-binding sit...

The body recognizes antigens by the three dimensional shapes of regions known as _______.

The body recognizes antigens by the three dimensional shapes of regions known as _______. Answer: antigenic determinan...

An antigen produced by a pathogen while living inside a cell is known as a(n) __________ antigen.

An antigen produced by a pathogen while living inside a cell is known as a(n) __________ antigen. Answer: endogeno...

The ability of the body to recognize its own antigens is called _____________.

The ability of the body to recognize its own antigens is called _____________. Answer: self toleran...

Phagocytes release ________, which result in the production of fever.

Phagocytes release ________, which result in the production of fever. Answer: pyroge...

A chemical reaction in which the product of each reaction becomes the enzyme that catalyzes the next reaction is known as a(n) ____________ reaction.

A chemical reaction in which the product of each reaction becomes the enzyme that catalyzes the next reaction is known as a(n) ____________ reactio...

Phagocytes kill a pathogen once it has been ingested, where as eosinophils and ________ can accomplish extracellular killing by secreting toxins.

Phagocytes kill a pathogen once it has been ingested, where as eosinophils and ________ can accomplish extracellular killing by secreting toxins. Answer: natural...

The redness and heat of acute inflammation are caused in part by the production of ________ during the formation of blood clots.

The redness and heat of acute inflammation are caused in part by the production of ________ during the formation of blood clots. Answer: bra...

In the case of phagocytes, positive chemotaxis involves the use of ______ to move toward the microorganism.

In the case of phagocytes, positive chemotaxis involves the use of ______ to move toward the microorganism. Answer: pseudopod...

The proportion of leukocytes, as determined by a _____________ , can serve as a sign of disease.

The proportion of leukocytes, as determined by a _____________ , can serve as a sign of disease. Answer: differential white blood cell cou...

Neutrophils use their own ________ in the formation of NETs to trap bacteria.

Neutrophils use their own ________ in the formation of NETs to trap bacteria. Answer: D...

The process known as ______ allows neutrophils and eosinophils to squeeze between the cells lining the capillaries to attack invading microbes.

The process known as ______ allows neutrophils and eosinophils to squeeze between the cells lining the capillaries to attack invading microbes. A...

In a process called ______, blood stem cells located in the bone marrow produce the three types of formed elements found in the blood.

In a process called ______, blood stem cells located in the bone marrow produce the three types of formed elements found in the blood. Answer:&nb...

The normal microbiota compete with pathogens in a variety of ways to protect the body, creating a situation known as ______.

The normal microbiota compete with pathogens in a variety of ways to protect the body, creating a situation known as ______. Answer: microbial...

______ is an oily substance that lowers the pH of the skin surface to about pH 5 and is inhibitory to many bacteria.

______ is an oily substance that lowers the pH of the skin surface to about pH 5 and is inhibitory to many bacteria. Answer: seb...

The ________ cells in the tracheal mucous membrane produce mucus.

The ________ cells in the tracheal mucous membrane produce mucus. Answer: goblet cel...

Sweat glands produce ________, which destroys the cell wall of bacteria by cleaving the bonds between the sugar subunits present in the wall.

Sweat glands produce ________, which destroys the cell wall of bacteria by cleaving the bonds between the sugar subunits present in the wall. Ans...

The absence of necessary receptors is the basis of the defense against microbial invasion known as ______.

The absence of necessary receptors is the basis of the defense against microbial invasion known as ______. Answer: species resistan...

___________ are antimicrobial peptides secreted by sweat glands.

___________ are antimicrobial peptides secreted by sweat glands. Answer: Dermcidi...